>> POOP, PEE, SNOT, TEARS.

THESE ARE JUST A FEW OF YOUR BODY'S WASTE PRODUCTS.

THEY'RE HERE TO KEEP YOU HEALTHY.

BUT HOW?

FIND OUT.

SCIENTISTS ARE STANDING BY TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTION QUESTIONS ABOUT BODY WASTE.

"D4K" IS NEXT.

>> HI, I'M JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN.

WELCOME TO "D4K."

TODAY WE'RE TALKING ABOUT BODY WASTES.

BEFORE WE GO TO THE STUDIO AND ANXIOUS YOUR QUESTIONS, LET'S FIND OUT MORE.

>> STOP.

YOU CAN'T SHOW THAT.

THAT'S DISGUSTING.

>> NO IT'S NOT.

WASTE PRODUCTS ARE PART OF THE WAY YOUR BODY KEEPS ITSELF HEALTHY.

>> THAT'S RIGHT.

LIVING CREATURES TAKE IN FOOD, WATER, AND OXYGEN, AND THEN GET RID OF WHAT THEIR BOISDZ DON'T NEED.

BODY WASTES ARE KIND OF DIVIDE IN ADDITION TWO GROUPS.

THINGS THAT HELP PROTECT YOUR BODY, AND THINGS THAT ARE LEFT OVER.

WHEN YOU EAT AND DRINK, THE FOOD AND LIQUID GO INTO YOUR STOMACH WHERE IT'S TURNED INTO A MILK SHAKE SORT OF LIQUID CALLED CHYME.

NEXT, CHYME PASSES INTO THE SMALL INTESTINE, WHERE YOUR BODY ABSORBS THE KNEW TRIANTS.

THE LEFTOVER SOLIDS THEN MOVE INTO THE LARGE INTESTINE AND EVENTUALLY PASS OUT OF YOUR BODY.

>> IT TAKES ABOUT 24 HOURS FROM THE TIME YOU PUT FOOD IN YOUR MOUTH UNTIL IT PASSES OUT AS POOP.

>> URINE, OR PEE, IS AN IMPORTANT BODY WASTE TOO.

THE LIQUIDS YOU DRINK ARE ABSORBED INTO YOUR BLOODSTREAM IN YOUR SMALL INTESTINES.

YOUR BLOOD CARRIES THAT LIQUID TO ALL THE DPLELS YOUR BODY.

THE BLOOD THEN COLLECTS THE WASTE PRODUCTS FROM THE CELLS AND PASSES THEM BACK TO THE KIDNEYS.

THE KIDNEYS THEN TAKE THE WASTE PRODUCTS AND MAKE URINE, WHICH IS STORED IN YOUR BLADDER UNTIL YOU'RE READY TO GO TO THE BATHROOM.

SOME OF THE LIQUIDS YOU DRINK ARE ALSO USED TO HELP THE SOLID WASTE IN YOUR LARGE INTESTINES TO MOVE ALONG.

>> THE MORE WATER YOU DRINK, THE CLEARER THE COLOR OF YOUR URINE.

IF YOUR PEE IS DEEP YELLOW, YOU MAY NEED TO DRINK MORE LIQUIDS.

>> BREATHING CREATES A BODY WASTE TOO.

WHEN WE INHALE, OR BREATHE IN, WE TAKE IN OXYGEN TO OUR LUNGS.

THAT OXYGEN IS TRANSFERRED TO OUR BLOOD, WHERE IT'S CARRIED OUT TO ALL THE CELLS IN THE BODY.

THE CELLS THEN USE THE OXYGEN AND PRODUCE CARBON DIOXIDE.

THE BLOOD THEN CARRIES CARBON DIOXIDE BACK TO THE LUNGS, AND YOU EXHALE, OR BREATHE IT OUT.

>> PLANTS SORT OF BREATHE IN TOO.

THEY TAKE IN CARBON DIOXIDE AND GET RID OF OXYGEN.

>> ONE OF THE OTHER BODY WASTES PRODUCED WHEN YOU DIGEST YOUR FOOD, IS WELL, WELL, GAS.

MILLIONS OF MICROSCOPIC CREATURES CALLED BACTERIA LIVE IN YOUR INTESTINES.

THEY HELP BREAK DOWN YOUR FOOD.

THEY ALSO MAKE GAS.

AND SOME OF THAT GAS ESCAPES AS A BURP.

>> EXCUSE ME.

>> SOME GAS NEIGHBORS ITS WAY OUT OF YOUR BOTTOM.

THAT'S KNOWN AS FLAT LANCE, OR A FARTHER.

>> FARTS CAN BE QUIET OR LOUD.

THEY'RE SMELLIER THAN BURPS BECAUSE THE GAS HAS HAD MORE TIME TO BUILD IN YOUR BODY BEFORE IT ESCAPES.

>> OOPS, SORRY.

>> YUCK!

>> PUS IS ANOTHER BODY WASTE.

WHEN YOU GET A CUT OR WHEN YOU GET A PIMPLE, THAT MEANS THE BAD BACTERIA HAS GOTTEN UNDER YOUR SKIN.

WHEN THAT HAPPENS, SPECIAL WHITE BLOOD CELLS COME IN.

THEY EAT UP THE BAD BACTERIA AND DIE.

THE PUS LEFT BEHIND IS MADE UP OF DEAD SKIN CELLS, DEAD BACTERIA, AND OTHER STUFF YOUR BODY IS TRYING TO GET RID OF.

>> PUS IS A GOOD THING, BECAUSE IT SHOWS YOUR BODY IS HEALTHY ENOUGH TO FIGHT OFF THE BAD BACTERIA.

>> SO THOSE ARE THE GROUP OF BODY WASTES THAT ARE THINGS YOUR BODY WANTS TO GET RID OF.

SO NOW LET'S TALK ABOUT WASTES THAT HELP PROTECT YOUR BODY.

MORE THAN JUST SOUND CAN GET INTO YOUR EARS.

YOU PRODUCE EAR WAX TO CATCH ANY DIRT OR OTHER MATERIALS SO THEY CAN'T GET INTO YOUR BODY.

EAR WAX ALSO PROTECTS THE SKIN, KEEPING IT MOIST AND CLEAN.

YOU SHOULD NEVER PUT ANYTHING IN YOUR EAR.

JUST WASHING YOUR HAIR REGULARLY SHOULD BE ENOUGH TO CLEAN OUT ANY EXTRA EAR WAX.

SNOT OR MUCUS PROTECTS YOUR NOSE THE WAY EAR WAX PROTECTS YOUR EARS.

THE STICKY STUFF IS THERE TO KEEP DUST AND OTHER BAD THINGS FROM GETTING INTO YOUR BODY.

WHEN YOU CATCH A COLD, YOUR MUCUS MEMBRANES, THE THINGS THAT MAKE MUCUS, GO INTO OVERDRIVE.

ALL THAT GOO TRAPS THE GERMS, MAKING YOU SICK, SO YOU CAN GET RID OF THEM BY SWALLOWING THEM.

MOST OF THE MUCUS GOES DOWN TO YOUR STOMACH AND THE REST YOU DRIP OR SNEEZE OUT.

>> SNOT OR MUCUS IS 95% WATER, 2-3% SALT, AND 2% MUCIN.

A SPECIAL KIND OF PROTEIN THAT IS USED TO MAKE SOME KINDS OF GLUE.

>> YOUR EYES CREATE TEARS TO HELP WASH AWAY DIRT AND OTHER UNWANTED OBJECTS FROM YOUR EYES.

THEY ALSO KEEP YOUR EYES MOIST.

AND YOU SWEAT TO HELP REGULATE YOUR BODY TEMPERATURE.

>> AND YOU VOMIT BECAUSE YOUR BODY WANTS TO GET RID OF SOMETHING, EITHER BAD FOOD OR A VIRUS OR GERM.

IT'S PART OF YOUR BODY'S DEFENSE SYSTEM, TRYING TO KEEP YOU HEALTHY.

>> SO BODY WASTE HELPS PREVENT ILLNESS, CLEAN US FROM THE INSIDE OUT, PROTECT US, AND HELP US GET RID OF STUFF OUR BODIES DON'T NEED.

EXCUSE ME!

>> AND JOINING ME NOW IN THE STUDIO TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT BODY WASTE ARE DR.

NAVA ANTINK, THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE HERE.

>> THANKS.

>> AND ALSO JOINING SME DR.

HEATHER OWENS.

THANK YOU FOR BEING RE.

WE WANT TO HEAR FROM YOU.

CALL US AT 1-800-973-9800, OR EMAIL US AT D4K@IDAHOPTV.ORG.

REMEMBER, WHEN YOU SEND IN A QUESTION, YOU AND YOUR CLASS WILL HAVE A CHANCE TO WIN A DVD PLAYER AND OTHER PRIZES.

WE'VE GOT LOTS OF QUESTIONS, SO LET'S START WITH CAMERON IN MRS.

SCHWEITZER'S FOURTH GRADE CLASS.

WHAT'S THE HARDEST FOOD TO DIGEST?

>> CAMERON, WE DON'T THINK THERE'S ANY FOOD THAT'S DIFFICULT TO DIGEST, THERE'S FOODS THAT YOU CAN DIGEST PARTIALLY, AND FOODS THAT YOU DIGEST COMPLETELY.

IF YOU DIGEST A FOOD PARTICLE COMPLETELY, THEN ALL OF THE NUTRIENTS GET ABSORBED INTO YOUR BODY.

IF THERE'S SOMETHING YOUR BODY CANNOT DIGEST, IT JUST GETS POOPED OUT.

>> LUCINDA FROM IDAHO FALLS WANTS TO KNOW, WHY OUR BODY MAKES WASTE IS WASTE IS BAD FOR US.

>> I THINK -- THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION.

I THINK OUR BODY MAKES THE WASTE IN ORDER TO GET RID OF SOME OF THE EXCESS.

SO I THINK AS WE HEARD ON THE INTRO ABOUT PUS, THINGS A MADE JUST KIND OF AS A BYPRODUCT, AS AN AFTERTHOUGHT.

AS OUR BODY IS GETTING RID OF BACTERIA, IT MAKES A NECESSARY COMPONENT CALLED PUS, AND THAT IS ALL -- ALLOWS TO US GET RID OF THE INFECTION, BUT AT THE SAME TIME IT NEEDS TO GO SOMEWHERE SO IT LEAVES OUR BODY.

>> LET ME TOUCH ON SWEAT.

COURTNEY INF AT DALTON ELEMENTARY WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY DOES SWEAT COME OUT OF YOUR ARM PITS?

>> SWEAT COMES OUT OF OUR ARM PITS ALONG WITH DIFFERENT OTHER AREAS OF OUR BODY.

OUR ARM PITS DO HAVE A COLLECTION OF SWEAT GLANDS THAT ARE OVERACTIVE, OR MORE ACTIVE AT OTHER TIMES IN OUR LIVES.

SO, FOR INSTANCE, DURING THE TIME OF PUBERTY, AS YOU GET OLDER, THOSE SWEAT GLANDLESS START TO BE ACTIVE AND THERE YOU'LL PREFERENTIALLY MAKE SOME SWEAT, BUT THERE ARE SWEAT GLANDS ALL AROUND OUR BODY, AND WE NEED THAT SWEAT TO HELP COOL US OFF WHEN WE GET HOT.

>> RYAN AT McDONALD ELEMENTARY WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, ARE TEARS CONSIDERED A BODY WASTE?

I KIND OF DEFINE THEM AS THAT, BUT HOW WOULD YOU DEFINE TEARS?

>> WELL, RYAN, THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION.

HE TEARS ARE MADE BY OUR BODY, BY CERTAIN DUCTS AROUND THE EYES, AND THERE'S WATER, AND SOME SALT, AND ELECTROLYTES, AND WE MAKE THEM TO ONE LUBRICATE OUR EYES SO THEY DON'T GET DRY, BECAUSE THE EYEBALL NEEDS TO STAY LUBRICATED, AND IF WE GET A PIECE OF DUST IN OUR EYE, THEN THE TEARS POUR OUT TO FLUSH THAT OUT.

SO THE TEAR IS NOT NECESSARILY A WASTE PRODUCT, BUT IT HELPS TO CARRY AWAY WASTE PRODUCTS OR FOREIGN STUFF OR DUST OR SO FROM OUR EYES.

>> THERE WERE A LOT OF QUESTIONS ABOUT THE COLOR OF YOUR POOP AND YOUR PEE.

LET ME ASK YOU JUST IN GENERAL, WHAT COLOR SHOULD YOUR POOP BE?

>> POOP IS USUALLY BROWN, AND THAT'S BECAUSE THERE ARE BYPRODUCTS THAT OUR LIVER HAS TO GET RID OF, WHICH HAVE A CERTAIN PIGMENT, A CERTAIN COLOR TO THEM.

AND THAT COLOR, WHEN PASSED THROUGH OUR INTESTINE, WILL BE BROWN.

SO THERE ARE OFTEN TIMES YOU RECOGNIZE YOUR POOP HAS A DIFFERENT COLOR OTHER THAN BROWN, AND SOMETIMES THAT'S CONCERNING TO PEOPLE, BUT OFTEN TIMES THAT IS JUST AN INDICATOR, TELLS US HOW QUICKLY THINGS HAVE MOVED THROUGH YOUR INTESTINE.

IF THEY MOVE AT A NORMAL PACE, YOU'LL GET KIND OF THE BROWN COLOR.

IF THEY MOVE AT A FASTER PACE, SOMETIMES YOU MAY HAVE THE ABSENCE OF THE BROWN COLOR AND MAY MAKE IT LOOK GREEN.

SO WHEN YOU GET SICK AND HAVE DIARRHEA, YOU MIGHT HAVE A GREEN POOP, BUT THAT'S NOT ANYTHING TREMENDOUS, IT JUST TELLS YOU THINGS ARE MOVING QUICKLY THROUGH YOUR INTESTINAL TRACT.

>> DO YOU WANT THINGS TO MOVE QUICKLY THROUGH YOUR INTESTINAL TRACT?

>> YOU'D LIKE THINGS TO MOVE AT A NORMAL PACE.

AROUND 24 HOURS AFTER YOU INGEST SOMETHING, IT SHOULD MOVE FROM YOUR STOMACH THROUGH YOUR SMALL INTESTINE, THROUGH YOUR LARGE INTESTINE, AND THEN EXIT YOUR BODY AS POOP.

SO WITHIN A 24-HOUR PERIOD.

>> CALEB AT McDONALD ELEMENTARY WOULD LIKE TO KNOW WHY DO SOME FECES FLOAT?

>> GOOD QUESTION.

MOST OF THE TIME WHEN FECES ARE FLOATING, IT'S BECAUSE THERE'S MORE OF A FAT CONTENT.

SO IF YOU EAT A LOT OF FATTY FOODS, THAT GREASE THAT DOESN'T DIGEST COMPLETELY AND CAN COME OUT WITH THE POOP AND IT HELPS IT FLOAT IN THE WATER.

>> CONNER WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY DO FARTS STINK?

>> I'M SURPRISED WE DIDN'T GET MORE QUESTIONS ABOUT FARTHERRING.

WE'RE READY FOR THE FARTHER QUESTIONS!

NOT ALL FARTS STINK AS YOU MIGHT KNOW.

FARTHERS IS GAS, THAT -- FARTS IS GAS THAT COMES OUT OF THE RECTUM, AND IT USUALLY CONSISTS OF OXYGEN, LIKE IF WE SWALLOW A LOT OF AIR WHEN WE TALK, OR IF WE'VE BEEN CRYING, OR SO ON, AND THE OXYGEN IN THE INTESTINE ACTUALLY DOES NOT STINK.

MOST OF THE THE FARTS THAT DO STINK IS FROM CERTAIN KINDS OF FOODS THAT WE EAT THAT CONTAIN SULFIDES, AND ALSO IF THE THE BACTERIA, THE GOOD BACTERIA IN OUR INTESTINES HAVE DONE A LOT OF PROCESSING AND PROCESSED CERTAIN SUGARS, LIKE THOSE IN BEANS, THEY CREATE GASSES THAT SMELL.

SO SOME FARTS STINK AND SOME FARTS DON'T, BUT THEY'RE ALL NORMAL.

>> LET'S GO TO OUR FIRST CALLER.

IT LOOKS LIKE WE HAVE BRENNA IN CALDWELL.

IS THIS BRENNA?

[INAUDIBLE] OR AHMED?

>> Caller: AHMED.

>> I'M SORRY, GO AHEAD.

>> Caller: HI.

HOW DO WE PREVENT VOMITING?

>> HOW SHOULD YOU PREVENT SHOP ITING?

GOOD QUESTION.

>> WE VOMIT FOR DIFFERENT REASONS.

SO THERE'S SOME VOMIT THAT YOU CAN'T NECESSARILY PREVENT.

THERE ARE TIMES THAT YOU GET SICK, THAT YOU MAY HAVE INGESTED A VIRUS, OR A BACTERIA THAT IRRITATES YOUR STOMACH.

AND AS A PROTECTIVE MECHANISM, THAT IRRITATION WILL TRIGGER YOU TO VOMIT.

WHICH IS ACTUALLY A GOOD THING.

THERE ARE TIMES THAT YOU VOMIT BECAUSE YOU ARE OTHERWISE SICK, LIKE SOME KIDS THAT HAVE PNEUMONIA MAY VOMIT, OR SOME KIDS THAT HAVE SOME INFECTION MAY VOMIT.

AND THE REASON WHY YOU DO THAT IS THAT YOUR BODY IS MAKING CHEMICALS IN RESPONSE TO DIFFERENT INFECTIONS THAT ARE TELLING YOUR BODY TO GET RID OF AS MUCH STOMACH ACID AS IT CAN.

>> SO IT'S REALLY HARD TO PREVENT VOMITING BECAUSE IT'S OFTEN TIMES JUST BAD LUCK THAT YOU'VE GOTTEN SICK.

>> YOU DON'T WANT THAT IN YOUR BODY ANYWAY.

>> AND YOU REALLY DON'T WANT THAT IN YOUR BODY.

ONE GOOD WAY DURING THIS WINTER SEASON ALSO TOO TO AVOID GETTING SICK IS GOOD HAND WASHING.

PRIOR TO EATING, CERTAINLY AFTER YOU USE THE RESTROOM, OR YOU'RE TOUCHING YOUR OWN BODILY SECRETIONS, WASH YOUR HANDS, REGULARLY AND OFTEN.

>> KYLA WANTS TO KNOW, I ALMOST VOMITED AND IT WENT BACK DOWN.

WHY?

>> THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION.

>> SOMETIMES YOU GET JUST A NTLE YOUR THROAT.

>> YEAH.

YOU COULD BE VOMITING BECAUSE YOU HAVE SOME IRRITATION IN YOUR STOMACH, BUT IT MAY NOT BE BAD ENOUGH TO ACTUALLY PUSH THINGS ALL THE WAY OUT.

SOMETIMES YOU CAN ALSO EXPERIENCE A LITTLE BIT OF HEARTBURN, WHICH IS SORT OF AN OVERREACTIVE STOMACH, AND ESOPHAGUS OF THE -- THE TUBE THAT GOES TO YOUR STOMACH, SO IF THAT'S JUST A LITTLE IRRITATED YOU MAY JUST ALMOST VOMIT.

>> LET'S GO TO MAX.

OR DANIELLE?

IS THIS MAX?

WHO I HAVE GOT ON?

HELLO?

ARE YOU THERE?

CAN YOU HEAR ME?

IS THIS DANIELLEA?

OR MAX?

LET'S TRY ANOTHER LINE.

LET'S TRY -- IS THIS DANIELA?

WHO IS THIS?

>> Caller: MY NAME IS DANIELLE.

>> THERE YOU GO.

I'M SORRY.

GO AHEAD AND ASK YOUR QUESTION.

>> Caller: WHY DO KIDS -- [INAUDIBLE] >> WHY DO YOU GET PIMPLES AND PUS?

THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION.

>> PIMPLES COME AT DIFFERENT TIMES IN YOUR LIFE.

SOMETIMES YOU'LL HAVE WHAT LOOKS TO BE A PIMPLE BEFORE KIND OF THE THE TIME THAT MOST PEOPLE ARE AFFECTED BY PIMPLES.

BUT WHAT PIMPLES USUALLY ARE IS JUST A COLLECTION OF OIL.

SO SOME OF YOUR GLANDS OLD HOLD IN YOUR OWN BODY'S NATURAL OIL FOR A BIT LONGER.

THEY MAY BE DOING THAT BECAUSE THERE ARE SOME BACTERIA GROWING ON THE THE SKIN, AND THAT BACTERIA FEEDS OFF YOUR OILS AND MAKES A LITTLE BIT OF THEIR OWN WASTE AS MORE OIL, AND MORE PUS-TYPE MATERIAL.

AND YOUR BODY JUST MAY KIND OF WALL IT OFF AND HOLD ON TO IT FOR A BIT.

>> LET'S SEE IF I CAN GET -- IS THIS MAX?

>> Caller: YES, THIS IS MAX.

>> YEAH, MAX!

GO AHEAD, WHAT'S YOUR QUESTION?

>> Caller: MY QUESTION IS, IF TEARS ARE CONSIDERED A BODY WASTE, WHY DO YOU CRY WHEN YOU'RE SAD?

>> THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION.

>> THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION.

WE TALKED A LITTLE BIT ABOUT TEARS, AND THEY CAN HAPPEN IF YOU GET DUST OR DIRT OR SOME PARTICLE IN YOUR EYE.

BUT THEY CAN ALSO HAPPEN OTHER TIMES IN RESPONSE TO EMOTIONS, LIKE WHEN YOU'RE SAD, OR IF YOU'RE CUTTING ONIONS, EVEN THOUGH NONE OF THE ONION PIECES GET UP IN YOUR EYE, JUST THE THE STRONG CHEMICALS THAT CREATE THE SMELL CAN ALSO COME -- THE SAME PARTICLES CAN FLOAT UP TO YOUR EYE AND CAUSE IRRITATION THAT MAKES YOU FORM TEARS.

SO IT DEFINITELY OUR BRAIN WORKS IN VERY STRONG WAYS AND CAN KIND OF OVERCOME ANY PHYSICAL THING THAT ACTUALLY MAY BE TOUCHING YOUR EYES TO CREATE SOME TEARS.

>> IS THERE SOMETHING IN EMOTIONS THAT CREATES A PHYSICAL REACTION?

LIKE TEARS?

>> I THINK THERE'S LOTS OF PHYSICAL EMOTIONS LIKE, WHEN YOU'RE NERVOUS ABOUT A TEST, YOU GET PAIN IN YOUR STOMACH, BUTTERFLIES, THAT'S A REAL PAIN SENSATION THAT COMES FROM PURELY EMOTION, PURE EMOTION OR THOUGHT.

SO CERTAINLY.

>> BAILEY WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY DO YOU TASTE -- WHY DOES SWEAT TASTE SALTY?

>> SWEAT TASTES SALTY BECAUSE THERE'S QUITE A BIT OF SALT IN THERE.

WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE MAKEUP OF IT, YOU'LL SEE THAT THERE ARE QUITE A BIT OF SALTS IN THAT MATERIAL, AND JUST LIKE THERE'S SALTS FLOATING AROUND IN YOUR BLOODSTREAM, THEY'LL MOVE OUT THROUGH THOSE PORES AND THOSE DUCTS, AND LOOK JUST LIKE THAT.

JUST WITH THE SAME TYPE OF SALTS THAT YOU -- NOT NECESSARILY THE SAME TYPE OF SALT YOU MIGHT PUT IN YOUR FOOD, BUT SOMEWHAT CLOSE TO THAT.

SO THEY HAVE SALT IN THEM, THAT'S WHY THEY TASTE THAT WAY.

>> RICH AT RIVERSIDE ELEMENTARY WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU'RE CONSTIPATED?

>> GOOD QUESTION.

WELL, CONCITY PACE IS -- CONTE PACE IS WHEN THE POOP IS HARD AND PAINFUL.

AND JUST LIKE IF YOU HAVE A STOMACH BUG AND FOOD AND WATER IS JUST FLYING THROUGH YOUR INTESTINES, IT'S REALLY WATERY, THE OPPOSITE, IF THE FOOD STAYS IN YOUR BODY FOR TOO LONG, THEN IT GETS DRYER AND DRYER AND HARDER AND HARDER, AND THEN IT MAKES IT HARD TO POOP OUT, AND THAT'S CONCITY PACE.

-- CONSTIPATION.

THE BEST TREATMENT, IT DEPENDS ON WHY YOU'RE CONSTIPATED.

THAT MAY BE FROM INADEQUATE FLUID INTAKE, OR EATING CERTAIN FOODS, OR SOME PEOPLE HAVE CERTAIN DISEASES OR CONDITIONS OR BEHAVIOR PATTERNS THAT HOLD THE POOP IN.

>> HOW MUCH FIBER SHOULD A CHILD EAT?

>> FIBER HELPS KEEP THINGS MOVING IN YOUR SYSTEM.

HOW MUCH FIBER SHOULD YOU GET EVERY DAY?

OR IS IT HARD TO TELL?

>> IT IS A BIT HARD TO TELL.

DIFFERENT BODY TYPES, SIZES MIGHT INDICATE HOW MUCH FIBER YOU NEED.

AND TO SOME DEGREE -- FIBER IS GREAT FOR YOU AND WHOLE GRAINS ARE REALLY GOOD FOR YOU.

AND AVOIDANCE OF WHAT WE'D SAY ARE SOME OF, LIKE, THE BAD THINGS FOR YOU, LIKE STARCHY FOODS THAT DON'T HAVE A LOT OF COMPLEX FIBER.

SO FIBER IS GOOD FOR YOU IN EVERY WAY.

YOU CAN'T HAVE TOO MUCH.

IF -- SO THAT'S ONE WAY OF LOOKING AT IT.

ALL YOUR GRAINS, CEREALS, BREADS, SHOULD BE IN AS HIGH A FIBER AS YOU CAN.

>> THIS IS ANOTHER POPULAR COLOR QUESTION.

SHANE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY IS PEE YELLOW?

IF OUR POOP IS BROWN BECAUSE OF THE THE LIVER PIGMENTS, WHY IS PEE YELLOW?

>> AS WAS DESCRIBED IN THE VIDEO, THE THE URINE, OR PEE, IS WHAT IS THE WASTE PRODUCTS AND EXCESS WATER THAT OUR BODY DOESN'T NEED, AND IT GETS THE -- THE BLOOD GOES THROUGH THE KIDNEY AND SQUEEZES OUT THE WASTE PRODUCTS THAT THE CELLS HAVE MADE, AND A LOT OF WATER IS RELEASED, EXCESS WATER, AND DEPENDING ON THE CONCENTRATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT WASTE PRODUCTS IN THE URINE IS WHAT MAKES IT MORE YELLOW OR LESS YELLOW.

ONE THING WE MENTIONED IS IF YOU DRINK MORE WATER YOU'LL DILUTE THE AMOUNT OF WASTE PRODUCTS, SO THE PEE IS LESS YELLOW.

TOWARDS CLEAR.

BUT IT REAL SALAHI BASED ON THE COMPOSITION OF THE EXACT WASTE PRODUCTS COMING OUT.

>> LOGAN WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY DOES YOUR BODY COUGH UP MUCUS?

>> OFTEN -- THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION.

OFTEN TIMES WE'RE COUGHING MOSTLILY AS A PROTECTIVE MECHANISM.

IF WE GET SICK AND OUR BODY IS MAKING MORE MUCUS, THEN IT NORMALLY DOES, BECAUSE AS WE -- IN THE INTRODUCTION WE SAW YOUR BODY'S ALWAYS MAKING MUCUS AS A PROTECTIVE MECHANISM.

BUT SOMETIMES YOU GET SICK, AND YOU OVERPRODUCE THAT MUCUS, AND SOMETIMES DURING THAT TIME THE THE MUCUS IS THICKER, OR IT'S REALLY LADEN WITH -- HAS A LOT OF BACTERIA OR A LOT OF VIRUS PARTICLE, SO IT'S IRRITATING.

AND IT'S A REALLY GOOD THING THAT OUR BODY THEN WILL TELL US, DON'T SWALLOW THAT, GET RID OF IT, COUGH IT OUT.

>> IS THE MUCUS THEY SAY YOU GET YOUR LUNGS, DIFFERENT FROM THE MUCUS YOU GET IN YOUR NOSE?

>> IT'S PRETTY SIMILAR, ACTUALLY.

THE NOSE, THE MOUTH, THE THROAT DOWN TO THE LUNGS, THEY CAN ALL PRODUCE MUCUS TO TRY TO FLUSH OUT BACTERIA OR VIRUS PARTICLES.

ANY ONE -- ONE THING WE WANT TO MENTION WITH THE COUGHING UP OF THE MUCUS, IF IT GOES DOWN YOUR THROAT TOWARDS YOUR LUNGS, WE REALLY WANT TO KEEP THAT MUCUS OUT OF YOUR LUNGS.

SO MANY TIMES KIDS WILL COUGH IT UP AND SPIT IT OUT, OR SWALLOW IT AND IT GOES DOWN TO THE STOMACH, AND THEN IT CAN BE DIGESTED AND COME OUT THE OTHER END, LIKE THE POOP.

>> LET'S SEE IF WE CAN GET -- IS THIS TYLER?

BOY ANY TYLER?

>> Caller: HELLO.

>> GO AHEAD.

>> Caller: I WAS WONDERING P. AFTER WORKING OUT, WHY ARE YOUR MUSCLES SORE?

>> THAT'S A -- THERE'S A WASTE PRODUCT INVOLVED IN THAT.

>> THAT IS A GREAT QUESTION, TYLER.

SO THERE ARE WASTE PRODUCTS THAT YOUR MUSCLES CREATE, YOUR MUSCLE CELLS.

THEY'RE VERY NATURAL, AND WE DON'T EVEN REALIZE THAT WE'RE MAKING THAT JUST BY WALKING AROUND.

SOMETIMES WE GET OVERLOADED WITH A BIT OF THOSE CHEMICALS THAT ARE BROKEN DOWN OUT OF OUR MUSCLE PROTEINS, AND THOSE WILL CAUSE SOMETIMES OUR BLOOD VESSELS TO BE A LITTLE TWITCHY AND MAKE US FEEL MORE SORE THAN USUAL.

BUT BASICALLY THEY'RE NATURAL CHEMICALS THAT ARE MADE, LIKE I SAID, JUST ON A DAY-TO-DAY, BUT YOU MAKE THEM IN A LARGER QUANTITY, AND WHEN THEY'RE -- WHEN THEY ARE IN LARGER QUANTITY THEY CAN BE SOMEWHAT IRRITATING AND CAUSE THAT SENSATION OF PAIN OR SORENESS.

>> LET'S GO TO PAT IN SPOKANE.

PAT?

>> Caller: WHAT CAUSES BLACKHEADS?

HOW DO YOU GET RID OF THEM, AND WHY ARE THEY ALWAYS ON YOUR NOSE?

>> OK.

THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION.

SO WE DISCUSSED A LITTLE BIT EARLIER ABOUT HOW ZITS ARE MADE, AND IT'S USUALLY FROM A COLLECTION OF DEAD SKIN CELLS, OILS THAT OUR BODY PRODUCE, BACTERIA ON OUR SKIN THAT FEED OFF THAT AND IRRITATE THINGS MORE.

AND THE BLACKHEAD IS USUALLY THE START OF THE WHOLE PROCESS.

THE BLACKHEAD IS THE COLLECTION OF THE DEAD SKIN CELLS, AND THE OILS THAT OUR BODY MAKES.

AND IT'S PLUGGED UP, THERE'S A LITTLE CAVE AND IT GETS PLUGGED UP.

WHEN THE BACTERIA THAT COMES AND FEEDS OFF THAT AND CREATES A LITTLE REACTION, LIKE A LITTLE INFECTION, THAT WHEN IT GETS RED AROUND, AND YOU CAN GO FROM BEING JUST A BLACKHEAD TO KIND OF A LITTLE PUS-FILLED SPOT.

WHY ARE THEY ON YOUR NOSE?

I THINK THEY'RE EVERYWHERE ON YOUR FACES, BUT THERE'S MORE OF THEM, MORE OF THE CRATERS THAT EXIST ON YOUR NOSE, SO THAT'S PROBABLY WHY WE THINK WE GET MORE OF THEM ON OUR NOSE.

>> GOOD QUESTION.

FROM JACKSON AT RIVERSIDE ELEMENTARY, HOW SMALL IS THE HOLE THAT SWEAT COMES OUT OF?

>> OH, JACKSON, THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION.

IT IS -- IT'S MICRO.

YOU'D HAVE TO LOOK AT IT UNDER THE MICROSCOPE TO LOOK AT EACH LITTLE SWEAT GLAND, AND LITTLE FOLLICLE.

SO THEY ARE, YOU KNOW, THEY ARE MICROSCOPIC.

>> A QUESTION FROM MRS.

McCAMERON'S CLASS, CHARLIE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU EAT YOUR BOOGERS?

>> I THINK JUST LIKE ANYTHING ELSE, THEY'LL PROBABLY GET DIGESTED SOMEWHAT.

ANYTHING THAT DOESN'T GET DIGESTED GETS POOPED OUT.

>> THE OTHER BIG QUESTION, GUM.

DOES GUM LIVE IN YOUR STOMACH FOR A YEAR?

DO YOU DIGEST GUM?

>> THERE ARE PARTS OF GUM THAT YOU CAN'T REALLY DIGEST, JUST LIKE YOU CAN'T DIGEST LOTS OF, YOU KNOW, PLANT MATTER, LIKE CORN, FOR INSTANCE.

THOSE ARE THINGS THAT LOOK SIMILAR WHEN YOU EAT THEM TO WHEN THEY COME OUT.

SO IT IS NOT STAYING IN YOUR SYSTEM FOR A -- FOR LONGER THAN ANYTHING ELSE WOULD.

IF THERE ARE THINGS PARTIALLY YOU CAN BREAK DOWN, AND DIGEST, A BIG COMPONENT YOU CAN'T, AND YOU'LL POOP IT OUT.

>> EAR WAX.

LET ME ASK YOU A QUESTION ABOUT EAR WAX.

IS A Q-TIP ABOUT IT EVERY -- BETTER THAN YOUR FINGER TO CLEAN YOUR EARS?

IN OUR VIDEO WE TOLD YOU NOT TO PUT ANYTHING IN YOUR EAR.

>> EAR WAX IS MADE BY A GLAND IN YOUR EAR, AND IT'S KIND OF GOOEY, YELLOW, BROWN, THE COLOR CAN BE DIFFERENT IN DIFFERENT PEOPLE, BUT IT HELPS TO COAT THE EAR CANAL, SO ANY DIRT OR DUST OR HAIRS, OR ANYTHING THAT'S IN THERE GETS COATED BY THE THE EAR WAX, AND EVENTUALLY IT SORT OF JUST WORKS ITS WAY OUT.

IT'S REALLY HELPFUL TO PROTECT YOUR EAR, YOUR EARDRUM, AND YOUR EAR CANAL, SO WE DON'T RECOMMEND CLEANING IT EITHER WITH A Q-TIP OR YOUR FINGER.

OR A PENCIL, OR -- >> OR ANYTHING.

>> OR ANYTHING ELSE.

WE'RE ALMOST OUT OF TIME.

IF YOU'RE ON THE PHONE, STAY WITH ME ON THE PHONE.

WHEN WE FLIP OVER WE'LL BE TAPING OUR WEB-ONLY PROGRAM AND WE'LL ANSWER YOUR QUESTION.

FOR THOSE OF ON YOU THE PHONE, STAY WITH US, WE'LL CATCH YOUR QUESTIONS ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE HALF HOUR.

BEFORE WE GO, WHY DID YOU DECIDE YOU WANTED TO BE DOCTORS?

WHY WAS THIS A JOB YOU WANTED TO PURSUE?

>> I THINK IT START ADD LONG TIME AGO.

I LOVED THE IDEA OF HELPING PEOPLE OUT, I LOVED THE IDEA OF USING SCIENCE TO HELP PEOPLE OUT, AND SO IT ALL WORKED OUT FOR ME.

SO I LOVE TO USE THE THINGS THAT I'VE LEARNED ABOUT SWEAT AND POOP TO HELP PEOPLE LIVE BETTER LIVES.

>> AND SIMILARLY, I'VE ALWAYS WANTED TO HELP PEOPLE, ESPECIALLY KIDS, AND WE WORK WITH POOP, AND PEE, AND VOMIT, AND SWEAT, AND ZITS EVERY SINGLE DAY, AND WE LOVE IT.

>> THANK YOU BOTH.

I APPRECIATE YOU BOTH BEING HERE.

IF YOU WANT MORE INFORMATION ABOUT BODY WASTE, GO TO TT "D4K" WEBSITE, CHECK OUT OUR WEB-ONLY SHOW THERE THAT WE'LL BE TAPING AFTER THIS, YOU CAN EXPLORE FACTS AND LINKS AND LOTS MORE INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR BODY WASTE AND MA OTHER TOPICS.

CHECK IT OUT AT IDAHOPTV.ORG.

AND CLICK ON "D4K."

OUR NEXT BROADCAST PROGRAM WE'LL BE TAKING YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT THE FOOD CHAIB.

TUNE IN MARCH 16th AT 2:00 P.M.

MOUNTAIN, 1:00 P.M.

PACIFIC AND SEND IN THOSE QUESTIONS.

LAST MONTH'S WINNER WAS OWEN AT DALTON ELEMENTARY.

REMEMBER, WHEN YOU ?END A QUESTION, YOU AND YOUR CLASS WILL BE ENTERED IN OUR CONTEST.

EVERY TIME, EVERYWEEK, CHECK OUT MY BLOG.

THANKS FOR JOINING US HERE ON "D4K."

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